Lambourne coffee pot

Bone china

Bone china is a kind of porcelain body originally produced in the UK in which calcined ox bone, bone ash, is a critical part. It is differentiated by high whiteness, translucency and strength. lambourne coffee pot may be an example of this process.

The first use of bone ash in ceramics is credited to Thomas Frye in seventeen-forty-eight in which he used it to make a type of soft-paste porcelain. In At the close of the eighteenth century, Josiah Spode undertook further developments, and consequently popularized it, by combining it with china clay, China stone and kaolin to compete with the imported Oriental porcelain.

The initial elementary recipe of four parts china stone, three and a half parts china clay, and six parts bone ash is still the standard English body.

The manufacture of bone china mostly employs a two stage firing process where the initial "biscuit" is fired without a glaze at 1280°C (2336°F) giving a translucid product and then it is glost, or glaze, fired at a lower heat under 1080°C (1976°F). lambourne coffee pot is probably made using this method.

Soft-paste porcelain

Soft-paste porcelain is a type of porcelain and therefore a ceramic material.

Its history dates from the early trials by European potters to copy Chinese porcelain by using concoctions of china clay and ground-up glass (otherwise known as frit); lime and soapstone were also known to have been added in some compositions. As these first formulations were prone to high pyroplastic collapse, or slumping in the oven at raised temperature, they were not economical to manufacture. Combinations were later used based on nepheline syenite, kaolin, feldspars, quartz and other feldspathic rocks. These were technically superior and are still in production to this day.

Hard-paste porcelain

Hard-paste porcelain is a hard, dense ceramic that was initially produced from a mixture of the feldspathic rock petuntse and kaolin fired at very high temperature. It was first manufactured in China around the 9th century.

The secret of its manufacture was unknown in Europe until the early 18th century, when Böttger of Meissen, Germany found the formula. Despite attempts to keep it secret, the procedure was employed by other German ceramic manufacturers and eventually became widely used throughout the length and breadth of Europe.

Hard-paste porcelain is known to be fired at a range of temperatures to create a myriad of different end results. Depending on the firing process, hard-paste porcelain can be manufactured to resemble earthenware or stoneware. Most of the time however, it is not necessary to use hard-paste porcelain for such lower temperature ceramics. Hard-paste porcelain can be employed to manufacture porcelain bisque, a hard crystalline product fired at extremely high temperatures in a pressure controlled environment. This technique makes a translucent bright white ceramic. Unlike other bisque ceramics, porcelain bisque is almost impermeable by water, making it unnecessary to glaze the body before painting. Manufacturers such as Lladro, Precious Moments and Hummel utilize hard-paste porcelain simply for this reason, this could include lambourne coffee pot.